^ a b c d e f Zorn, Eric (November 4, 1993).Other philosophers such as Matthew Konieczka and Casey Swank have also called upon Goofus and Gallant as archetypes of bad and good when formulating arguments. Sider conceived of Goofus and Gallant as near-equals, with Gallant only marginally better than Goofus, in arguing that sending the former to Heaven and the latter to Hell is antithetical to God's justice. Philosopher Theodore Sider used the characters in an argument against the notion of a binary Heaven or Hell conception of the afterlife. The concepts of Goofus and Gallant have also appeared in contexts divorced from the comic. A 2012 study used the strips to prompt autistic and allistic children to identify whether the depicted child (either Goofus or Gallant) was behaving badly while researchers used an fMRI to measure the neural networks used in reaching their conclusions. A 2006 study gauging the development of ideas of respect and disrespect among American children used strips from the comic as stimuli to which the subjects could provide qualitative responses regarding why they believed Goofus's or Gallant's actions were respectful or disrespectful. Goofus and Gallant strips have been used for research purposes. Block wrote that Goofus and Gallant presents uncritical assumptions about what constitutes right and wrong, and rarely or never interfaces with situations of real-world prejudice. They jeer at Goofus's shortcomings and pat themselves on the back whenever Gallant turns himself in to do an onerous chore like taking music lessons." Alan A. Donald Kaul writing in The Des Moines Register described Gallant as "an awful prig" and wrote that while the children he observed reading Goofus and Gallant "continue to exhibit an average amount of Goofus behavior, always identify completely with Gallant, the goody-goody. According to author and professor of literature and pop culture Harold Schechter, "though Goofus is clearly meant to be obnoxious, even destructive–a bundle of unbridled aggression–he generally seems more appealing than the do-gooder Gallant", which Schechter believed necessitated the explanatory caption below each strip to confirm which character children should be emulating. The children's author and philosophy professor Claudia Mills wrote that Goofus and Gallant is heavily didactic but is nonetheless effective at imparting its lessons to children. But being more like Gallant is something to strive for." Reception No one is as good as Gallant, and no one is as bad as Goofus. But kids see parts of themselves in both characters. Īccording to Brown, who was editor of Highlights for Children, "Without Goofus, Gallant would be bland and no one would pay attention. Goofus and Gallant have never appeared in the same panel of the comic. The strip's protagonists have varied in age and appearance over time, variously shown with long or short, or dark or light hair and aged twelve or eight or five years old. For many years, a short line of text reading "Gallant shows correct behavior" was included at the bottom of the comic. "Goofus turns on the television when there are guests whenever guests arrive, Gallant turns off the television at once.") though the direct results of their actions, good or bad, are never depicted. They are presented side by side with a brief caption (e.g. Gallant's actions are always virtuous and respectful, in contrast to Goofus's, which are always rude and selfish. The comic, published monthly in Highlights for Children, consists of two panels depicting the actions of two children, Goofus and Gallant. Since 2006, Goofus and Gallant has been illustrated by Leslie Harrington. Kit Wray illustrated the comic for a year in 1995 until Anni Matsick took over from 1996 through 2005. Sidney Quinn, who since 1977 had already been illustrating The Timbertoes, another Highlights feature, took over the art on Goofus and Gallant from Hammel and drew the strip for a decade until his death in 1994. She was succeeded by Marion Hull Hammel who had the strip's longest tenure as illustrator, working for 32 years until 1984. The first was Maurieta Wellman who drew the strip until 1952. Throughout Goofus and Gallant 's history, numerous artists have drawn for the strip. By the 1950s, the strip's art style changed and Goofus and Gallant turned from elves to human boys. In 1946, when the Myerses founded Highlights for Children, they brought Goofus and Gallant with them to the new magazine. At first, the comic's characters were depicted as elves. According to family legend, the grandchildren of Myers and his wife Caroline, Kent Brown and Garry Cleveland Myers III, inspired the characters Goofus and Gallant respectively. Goofus and Gallant was created by Garry Cleveland Myers and was first featured in the magazine Children's Activities in 1940.
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